HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL
International Criminal Law
International Penal Law
Droit Penal International
Voelkerstrafrecht
Pengertian
- Perpaduan antara hukum pidana dan hukum internasional
Hukum pidana
Rumusan tindak pidana
Pelaku tindak pidana
Jenis-jenis hukuman
Asas-asas dlm hk. Pidana
Prinsip-prinsip hk. islam
Hk. Internasional
Kedaulatan negara
Yurisdiksi
Tanggung jawab
Kerjasama internasional
Hukum Pidana Internasional merupakan hasil pertemuan antara 2 disiplin hukum yang berbeda yang kemudian saling melengkapi
Terdiri dari 2 aspek
- Criminal Aspects of International Law
- Sekumpulan preskripsi internasional mengenai sifat-sifat khas kepidanaan termasuk memberikan sifat kriminal (criminalization) pada suatu perbuatan tertentu terlepas dari cara-cara dan macam penerapan hukum tertentu.
substantive component
- International Aspects of National Criminal Law
- Kedaulatan Negara ……… Yurisdiksi
- Subjek hukum
- Wilayah negara ………. Sehubungan dengan TP transnasional
- Perjanjian internasional
Procedural component
Definisi Hukum Pidana Internasional
- Aspek-aspek sistim hukum internasional yang mengatur perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh individu dalam kapasitasnya sebagai pribadi atau wakil atau kolektif yang melanggar ketentuan-ketentuan yang mengatur mengenai pidana.
- Aspek-aspek sistim hukum internasional dan hukum nasional yang mengatur kerjasama internasional dalam masalah-masalah pidana yang dilakukan oleh individu yang melanggar hukum pidana dari suatu negara.
Sumber Hupidin
- Kebiasaan Internasional
- Perjanjian Internasional
- Prinsip-prinsip hukum umum
- Doktrin, yurisprudensi
- Hukum Islam
- KUHP Nasional
Tujuan Hupidin
- to prevent harmful conduct through deterrence (mencegah)
- to prosecute those who are accused of criminal violence (mengadili)
- to punish those found guilty (menghukum)
Azas-azas
- Aut dedere Aut puniere
- Aut dedere Aut judicare
- Aut dedere aut poenam persequi
Procedural
- Extradition
- Judicial assistance
- Recognition of foreign judgements
- Transfer of Offenders and execution of sentences abroad
Pengertian Tindak Pidana Internasional
- international offence
is conduct internationally proscribed for which there is an international duty for states to criminalize the said conduct, prosecute or extradite and eventually punish the transgressor, and to cooperate internationally for the effective implementation of these purposes and duties
- International crime
An International Crime is such an act universally
recognized as criminal, which is considered a grave matter of international concern and for some valid reason can not be left within the exclusive jurisdiction of the state that would have control over it under normal circumstances
International Crime is any conduct which is designated as a crime in a multilateral convention with a significant number of state parties to it, provided the instrument contains one of the ten penal characteristics. (Bassiouni)
Karakteristik
- Explicit recognition of proscribed conduct as constituting an international crime or a crime under international law, or a crime.
- Implicit recognition of the penal nature of the act by establishing a duty to prohibit, prevent, prosecute, punish, or the like.
- Criminalization of the proscribed conduct
- duty or right to prosecute
- duty or right to punish the proscribed conduct
- duty or right to extradite
- duty or right to cooperate in prosecution, punishment (including judicial assistance in penal proceeding)
- establishment of a criminal jurisdiction basis
- reference to the establishment of an international criminal court
- elimination of the defense of superior orders.
Persyaratan
-
International element
- Direct threat to world peace and security
- Indirect threat to world peace and security
- Shocking to the conscience of humanity
-
Transnational element
- Conduct affecting more than one state
- Conduct including or affecting citizens of more than one state
- Means and methods transcend national boundaries
- Necessity element
Cooperation of states necessary to enforce
Macam2 TPI
- aggression,
- genocide,
- crimes against humanity,
- war crimes,
- crimes against the UN and associated personnel,
- unlawful possession and/or use of weapons,
- theft of nuclear materials,
- mercenarism,
- apartheid,
- slavery and slave-related practices,
- torture,
- unlawful human experimentation,
- piracy,
- aircraft hijacking,
- unlawful acts against civil maritime navigation,
- nuclear terrorism,
- unlawful acts against internationally protected persons,
- taking of civilian hostages,
- unlawful use of the mail,
- financing of international terrorism,
- unlawful traffic in drugs and dangerous substances,
- destruction and/or theft of national treasures and cultural heritage,
- unlawful acts against the environment,
- international traffic in obscene materials,
- falsification and counterfeiting of currency,
- unlawful interference with submarine cables, and
- bribery of foreign public officials.
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